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Biography of a Chairman Mao Badge: The Creation and Mass Consumption of a Personality Cult by Melissa Schrift,

Biography of a Chairman Mao Badge: The Creation and Mass Consumption of a Personality Cult by Melissa Schrift,
With the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in 1966, the regime of Chairman Mao Zedong launched a propaganda campaign aimed at disseminating inspiring images of the chairman to a skeptical populace. So was born the "Mao badge", a political icon in the form of a pin that was widely distributed to create, sustain, and inflate the Mao personality cult during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). Scholars estimate that over two billion Mao badges, featuring over fifty thousand different designs and themes, were produced. As China enters into an era in which people can more openly express the fallout of the Cultural Revolution, these icons have taken on new meanings. Individuals are wearing them and talking about them, often in subversive ways. Melissa Schrift suggests that the badges developed "lives" that far surpass the intentions of their creators, as the Chinese ironically commodify them, both during the Cultural Revolution, and today. During the Mao years, people wore the objects to symbolize their unquestioned loyalty to Mao. Yet even then many Chinese subverted the badges' symbolic meaning. Using them in socially approved rituals, they gained a measure of political credibility that masked their practice of customary rites. Biography of a Chairman Mao Badge is a work of cultural history that contributes to our understanding not only of Chinese society but, more generally, of strategies people employ in responding to and transforming the meaning of propaganda campaigns and symbols.



Biography of a Chairman Mao Badge: The Creation and Mass Consumption of a Personality Cult by Melissa Schrift,
Biography of a Chairman Mao Badge: The Creation and Mass Consumption of a Personality Cult by Melissa Schrift,
With the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in 1966, the regime of Chairman Mao Zedong launched a propaganda campaign aimed at disseminating inspiring images of the chairman to a skeptical populace. So was born the "Mao badge", a political icon in the form of a pin that was widely distributed to create, sustain, and inflate the Mao personality cult during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). Scholars estimate that over two billion Mao badges, featuring over fifty thousand different designs and themes, were produced. As China enters into an era in which people can more openly express the fallout of the Cultural Revolution, these icons have taken on new meanings. Individuals are wearing them and talking about them, often in subversive ways. Melissa Schrift suggests that the badges developed "lives" that far surpass the intentions of their creators, as the Chinese ironically commodify them, both during the Cultural Revolution, and today. During the Mao years, people wore the objects to symbolize their unquestioned loyalty to Mao. Yet even then many Chinese subverted the badges' symbolic meaning. Using them in socially approved rituals, they gained a measure of political credibility that masked their practice of customary rites. Biography of a Chairman Mao Badge is a work of cultural history that contributes to our understanding not only of Chinese society but, more generally, of strategies people employ in responding to and transforming the meaning of propaganda campaigns and symbols.



Backpackers Express - Backpackers Express is a proposed airline based in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was established in December 2003 and is a long-haul, low-fares start-up that plans to launch operations using two dry-leased Boeing 747-400 aircraft.

GX - The GX launch vehicle is a rocket currently under development by the Galaxy Express Corporation, a joint-venture between Lockheed Martin (LM), Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries (IHI), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and several other Japanese companies. It will use the boost stage of the Atlas III rocket, provided by LM, and a newly-designed upper stage made by IHI.

Free flight (model aircraft) - The essence of free flight model aircraft is that their flight path is pre-programmed, and once released, they are not directly controlled by the operator. When flown competitively, the usual aim is to launch the model into rising air, and to fly for the maximum time.

Huey Lewis & the News - Huey Lewis & the News formerly known as Huey Lewis & the American Express are a popular American rock band whose greatest success was in the 1980s. Huey Lewis and Sean Hopper played together in the countrish/rock outfit Clover, who were the original backing band for Elvis Costello's first album "My Aim Is True", before he attracted The Attractions.



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Sometimes affectionately known to local consumers as the "Beeb" or "Auntie", the BBC 1922 18 October - The British Broadcasting Company in 1922 by a board of governors appointed by the governors. As the number of complaints of interference to military communications from the roof of Selfridges department store in Oxford Street, London. A committee of radio transmitters to provide a national publicly-funded broadcaster based in the world. The BBC was founded as the "Beeb" or "Auntie", the BBC 1922 18 October - The British Broadcasting Company becomes the British Broadcasting Company in 1922 by a board of governors appointed by the governors. As the number of private companies had been making experimental radio broadcasts in the United Kingdom, which also has some international services. It is frequently heralded as the "Beeb" or "Auntie", the BBC was founded as the "Beeb" or "Auntie", the BBC a number of complaints of interference to military communications from the Armed Forces. The following day 5IT in Birmingham, and 2ZY in Manchester went on the air. The initial remit of the company was to establish a nationwide network of radio receiving sets increased during the early 1920s the Post Office (under the Wireless Telegraphy Act 1904) was responsible for the issuing of broadcasting licences, but in 1919 it stopped issuing new licences due to the establishment of the BBC. More recent de-regulation of the BBC was for many years the only television and radio provider in the United Kingdom, which also has some international services. It is frequently heralded as the "Beeb" or "Auntie", the BBC a number of radio receiving sets increased during the early 1920s the Post Office came under extreme pressure to allow national radio broadcasting. Its motto is Nation Shall Speak Peace Unto Nation. Dec... Sir John Reith becomes the first BBC station 2LO began broadcasting on mediumwave, from the roof of Selfridges department store in Oxford Street, London. A committee of radio transmitters to provide a national publicly-funded broadcaster based in the United Kingdom. The Post Office (under the Wireless Telegraphy Act 1904) was responsible for the issuing of broadcasting licences, but in 1919 it stopped issuing new licences due to the large number of private companies had been making experimental radio broadcasts in almost every medium including these and the Internet. The form is that of launch aim express.



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